IMPORTANT ANTS OF WATER

This is not a nutrient. But it is a carrier. Many times while listing nutrients, water is left out. This is an important component of all body tissues. About one third of the body is made up of water. This is an important solvent during digestion, a carrier for nutrients to the cells and from the cells. Most importantly water is very essential for removing the toxic wastes from the body.

In addition water is required for maintaining body temperature. Atleast 6-8 glasses of water need to be taken everyday. Plain water and fruit juices are ideal choices

Some doctors prescribe only iron and follacin. Some nutrients alone may be required in certain conditions. For example, not taking enough milk can cause calcium deficiency; vitamin B12 deficiency can result when the person is a strict vegetarian. When supplements are taken it should not exceed the prescribed level. This is very important.

This is very risky argument. More harm is done by over eating than by eating less. So I would advise you to take only less food.

Overeating can only result in obesity,indigestion etc. Chances of convulsions and toxaemia are higher with overeating. Only about 300 more calories are required during pregnancy than ordinary days.

Increase your milk intake to 600ml per day. You can take a piece of cheese thrice or four times a week. Legumes, meat, fish and eggs should be included regularly. Lot of fresh fruits and vegetables are good. This will provide all the essential nutrients for your baby in sufficient quantities.

IMPORTANT OF MINERALS

Phosphorus

This is an important of all body cells. It is available in plenty in milk. This is an important inseparable component of proteins. So, Phosphorus rich foods like fish, milk, oats, meal, meat, cream, egg and green vegetables should be regularly included in food.

Iron

This is an important ingredient of the blood protein hemoglobin. This is responsible for carrying oxgen to all cells in the body. Iron is very essential for blood production in the fetus as well as in the mother. During the initial stages of pregnancy only a small amount of iron is sent to the fuel blood. But during the last three month the requirements for iron goes up by 10 times. So, it is very essential that the mother’s food contains a lot of iron content.

Iodine

This is required in minute quantities both by the mother as well as the fetus. This is obtained in assimilable form food produced in soil. Normally soil and the water have low iodine content. Therefore the foods produced are also low in Iodine. Including iodine containing salt in food will help prevent all ailments caused by iodine deficiency

Copper

Copper performs a very important function during pregnancy. Deficiency during pregnancy can causes improper growth of the fetus and may also result in short life span of the baby. Copper when not taken in required quantities can cause congenital disorders and complications like extended labour.

Proteins rich foods like milk, fish and egg yolk have a high content of copper. Sufficient protein intake itself would provide sufficient amounts of the mineral.

Sodium

Earlier, avoiding excess intake of salt was thought to prevent toxemia. Medical research has shown that the requirement for sodium increases highly during pregnancy. Blindly con trolling salt intake may result in serious problems. Most of the doctor’s advice their patients to take salt in required quantities at least for the sake of taste, to make sure that they get enough sodium requirement.

Teenage pregnancy

Miscarriage, abortion, premature delivery, still has born baby or death of baby within one year. Child bearing after the age of 35: there is risk of the baby developing Down’s syndrome. Child bearing after the age of 40: Miscarriage, abortion, premature delivery, still has born baby or death of baby within one year. Down’s syndrome, danger of toxenia, complications in delivery like blocks in the passage of the fetus during labour.

Smoking can cause abnormal growth, abortion. Liquor less than 60 ml per day can cause baby being mentally disordered, abortion etc. Drugs and narcotics cause abortion, undergrowth, premature baby, high chances of hepatitis.

Hereditary Diseases

Presence of any of the following hereditary conditions like hemoglobin deficiencies, heart problems, cleft lip, cleft palate, mental disabilities, disfiguration of the due to hereditary inheritance in the father, mother or anyone in the family. The child has every chance of born with similar disorders. The intensity of the disorder will vary.

PROTEINS

The most important function of proteins is tissue building and maintenance. Fetal growth and maintenance of the mother are important functions of which proteins are absolutely essential.

Proteins are made up of 20 varieties of amino acids. Among them,8 amino acids cannot be produced by the body. So they have to be provided in the food that is eaten. They are also called as essential amino acids.

Proteins that have a full complement of all these eight essential amino acids are called complete proteins. Most of the vegetable proteins lack one or two of the eseential amino acids.

Proteins providing lower quantities of amino acids are called limiting. A portion of these proteins are used in body building and the rest are used in energy production

Essential amino acids can be supplement food containing limiting proteins. When food is digested by enzymes in the stomach the proteins are converted Into amino acids in the intestines. This gets absorbed from the small intestines and assimilated. Here the essential amino acids are combined to form essential combinations. Milk, egg and fish are rich sources of proteins

NUTRIENTS CONTAINED IN FOOD

Food has 5 important nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals in addition to water.

Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates are nothing but starches. They provide the necessary fuel or energy for the body functioning . it is required for assimilating sufficient protein.

Foods rich in carbohydrates:

Legumes, peas, cereals ,chocolates,etc arre rich in carbohydrates. Unprocessed raw foods have fiber content. Carbohydrate content of sweets is devoid of any nutrients so they are considered calorie les.

Fats

They are important sources of energy. They provide twice the amount of energy as carbohydrates.

They also provide essential fatty acids. Fat soluable vitamins like A,D,E, and K are provided by fat containing foods. They also transport them all over the body. Farts improve the flavor of foods.

Calcium

These are important components of bones and teeth. It is also involved in blood clotting, regulating the pulse and controlling the growth of muscles. During the final days of pregnancy about two thirds of the calcium intake is used for the growing fetus. Apart from the requirement of calcium increases during pregnancy as storage for future needs.

Milk and milk products,cream, egg, oats and vegetables are rich sources of calcium. Two full glasses of milk can provide about 1200 mg of calcium.

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CALORIES REQUIRED DURING PREGNANCY

A woman during normal days requires a calorie requirement of about 2200 and during pregnancy it is around 2500. During lactation it is around 3000.

Protein requirement

Ordinary days – 60 gms

Pregnancy days – 85 gms

Lactation – 100 gms

Calcium requirement

Ordinary days – 0.8 gms

Pregnancy days – 1.5 gms

Lactation – 100 gms

Iron requirement

Ordinary days – 20 micro gms

Pregnancy days – 40 micro gms

Lactation – 100 micro gms

Vitamin B requirement

Ordinary days –1.5 gms

Pregnancy days – 1.8 gms

Lactation – 2.3 gms

Vitamin A requirement

Ordinary days –3000 micro gms

Pregnancy days – 3600 microgms

Lactation – 4800 microgms

Vitamin D requirement

Ordinary days –10 gms

Pregnancy days – 20 gms

Lactation – 20 gms

You should see it that your food contains at least this much of prescribed amount of nutrients.

VITAMIN C,D,E&K

This vitamin is referred to as the cementing substance since it is essential for binding cells and tissues.

This is used for development of strong bones and teeth’s wound healing and body resistance.

Deficiency causes skin ailments, giddiness, mouth ulcers, joint pains, weak teeth, bleeding nose etc.

Fresh vegetables and fruits are rich in vitamins C. fresh strawberry, pineapple, guava, tomato, green vegetables, amla, orange, chilies, drum stick, peas, ground nuts, potatoes, and sprouts are some of them.

It gets destroyed on exposure to air, excessive cooking or cooking in too much oil.

Vitamin D is required for generation of tooth buds, calcification and phosphorification of bones and their functioning.

Deficiency causes rickets. Weak bones improper orientation of the criminal bones result. Milk, egg yolk, liver, certain types of fish have high vitamin D content. To prevent rickets in children cod liver oil, has been prescribed for many years. It is added in vanaspati and milk as a supplement. Human body generates vitamin D to some extent when skin is exposed to sunlight.

Vitamin E is important antioxidant. This is required for improving the assimilation of inassimilable. Fats and for maintaining the minority of the cell membranes. It is involved in the action of some enzymes and in some metabolic activities.

Vegetables fats, oils, green vegetables, greens, cereals, nuts, egg yolk, sprouts, beans , tomatoes, and wheat, are rich, in vitamin E.

Vitamin K is very essential for the formation of prothorombin that is involved in blood clotting. Without this component natural blood clotting. There will be continuous bleeding.

Greens, fresh vegetables, potatoes, peas, cabbage, and pig liver are rich in vitamin K. this is also available freely in our own body. Some of the bacteria colonizing th e small intestine produce this vitamin as a by product which the body uses.